Wood veneer is made through a process that involves slicing or peeling thin layers of wood from a log. Here’s an overview of the steps involved:

1. Log Selection: The process starts by selecting high-quality logs, known as veneer logs. These logs are often chosen for their grain patterns, species, and overall appearance, as they will determine the aesthetic quality of the veneer.
2. Preparation: The selected log is debarked, and sometimes it is soaked in hot water or steamed to soften the wood. This makes it easier to slice thin sheets without cracking or damaging the wood fibers.
3. Slicing Methods: There are three main methods for slicing veneer, each producing different grain patterns:
   • Rotary Cut: The log is mounted on a lathe and rotated while a sharp blade peels off a continuous sheet of veneer. This method produces wide, broad grain patterns and is often used for plywood.
   • Slicing (Flat or Crown Cut): The log is cut into long sections (called flitches), and the slices are made parallel to the log’s center. This technique reveals a more natural grain pattern and is common in decorative applications.
   • Quarter-Sawn: The log is cut into quarters, and slices are made perpendicular to the growth rings. This method produces straight, uniform grain patterns, often used for fine furniture.
4. Drying: After slicing, the veneer sheets contain moisture and need to be dried carefully. The drying process involves using air or a mechanical dryer to reduce the moisture content without causing the veneer to warp or crack.
5. Trimming and Grading: The dried veneer sheets are trimmed to the required size and graded based on the quality of the grain, color, and absence of defects like knots or blemishes.
6. Gluing and Backing: The thin veneer layers are typically glued to a substrate (such as particleboard, MDF, or plywood) to create a stable, usable surface. The adhesive used is often a strong resin that ensures a tight bond between the veneer and the base material.
7. Finishing: After bonding, the veneered panel is sanded smooth and can be stained, polished, or sealed, depending on the desired look. This final step enhances the natural beauty of the wood grain and protects the veneer from wear and tear.

The result is a beautiful, durable wood surface that mimics the look of solid wood but uses less material.